Male Fertility Testing in Atlanta

  1. Home
  2. Fertility Services
  3. Fertility Testing
  4. Male Fertility Testing

How Male Infertility Is Diagnosed

Male fertility plays a significant role in the ability to conceive, with male factors contributing to infertility in nearly half of all cases. For many men, fertility testing provides the first clear insight into sperm health and overall reproductive function. Because male infertility often has no noticeable symptoms, testing can be an important early step in identifying potential concerns.

At Reproductive Biology Associates, male fertility testing is approached as part of a collaborative, team-based process. Early evaluation helps guide next steps, supports informed decision-making, and allows both partners to move forward with a clearer understanding of their options and care plan.

What are the signs of male infertility, and when should I get tested?

Most causes of male infertility do not cause noticeable symptoms. Many men feel completely healthy and may not realize there is a fertility issue until pregnancy does not occur after months of trying. Because male infertility is often silent, fertility testing plays an important role in identifying concerns early.

Fertility testing for men is typically recommended if pregnancy has not occurred after 12 months of unprotected intercourse, or after six months if the female partner is over age 35. Earlier evaluation may also be appropriate for men with a history of testicular injury, surgery, infection, cancer treatment, or known genetic conditions, even if they are not currently trying to conceive. Testing can provide valuable insight and help guide future family-building decisions.

Potential Causes of Male Infertility

Male fertility testing can help identify a range of factors that may affect sperm production, function, or delivery. Common causes and contributing factors include:

  • Enlarged veins within the scrotum (varicocele)
  • A complete absence of sperm in the semen, which may be caused by a blockage or a problem with sperm production (azoospermia, obstructive or non-obstructive)
  • Low sperm count (oligospermia)
  • Poor sperm motility or morphology
  • Hormonal imbalances (e.g., low testosterone)
  • Genetic or chromosomal conditions
  • Infections or structural blockages
  • Lifestyle or environmental factors
  • Unexplained infertility

In some cases, more than one factor may be involved, and fertility testing helps clarify how these issues impact reproductive health and treatment planning.

What is a semen analysis, and why does it matter?

A semen analysis is one of the most important and commonly used tests for evaluating male fertility. It is often the first step in understanding sperm health and identifying factors that may affect the ability to conceive. The test provides detailed information about how sperm are produced, how they move, and how well they may function.

During a semen analysis, the sample is evaluated for several key factors, including sperm count, motility (movement), morphology (shape), and semen volume. Results are interpreted together rather than in isolation, allowing fertility specialists to identify patterns that may point to hormonal, structural, genetic, or lifestyle-related concerns.

Sample collection is straightforward and private. Patients are typically asked to abstain from ejaculation for two to five days before providing a sample to ensure the most accurate results. Your care team will provide clear instructions and answer any questions in advance. At Reproductive Biology Associates, semen analysis is handled with discretion and care, and the results play a critical role in guiding next steps in fertility evaluation and treatment.

What other male fertility tests might be recommended?

Depending on semen analysis results and individual medical history, additional testing may be recommended to better understand the underlying causes of male infertility. These evaluations help identify hormonal, genetic, or physical factors that may affect sperm production or function and guide personalized treatment planning.

Medical History and Physical Examination

A detailed review of medical history and a physical examination help identify risk factors such as prior surgeries, infections, injuries, or anatomical concerns like varicoceles. This evaluation provides important context for interpreting test results and determining next steps.

Hormone Testing

Blood tests may be used to measure hormone levels that influence sperm production and reproductive function, including testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin. Hormone testing can help uncover imbalances that contribute to infertility.

Genetic Testing

In certain cases, genetic testing may be recommended, particularly for men with very low sperm counts, azoospermia, or recurrent IVF failure. These tests can identify chromosomal abnormalities or Y-chromosome microdeletions that may impact fertility and treatment options.

How much does male fertility testing cost?

The cost of male fertility testing can vary based on the types of evaluations recommended, your medical history, and whether additional testing is needed beyond a semen analysis. Because every fertility journey is unique, there is no single set price for male fertility testing.

Some diagnostic testing may be covered by insurance, while other services may be considered out-of-pocket expenses depending on your individual plan. At Reproductive Biology Associates, our financial specialists can review your benefits, explain anticipated costs, and discuss available financing options to help you understand what to expect. We encourage patients to explore our costs, financing, and insurance resources or speak directly with our team for personalized guidance.

Male Fertility Testing FAQ

  • A semen analysis is a laboratory test used to evaluate sperm health and is often the first step in male fertility testing. It measures several factors, including sperm count, movement (motility), shape (morphology), and semen volume. These results help fertility specialists understand how sperm are produced and how well they may function. A semen analysis provides essential information for identifying potential fertility concerns and guiding next steps in evaluation or treatment.

  • To prepare for a semen analysis, patients are typically asked to abstain from ejaculation for two to five days before providing a sample. This helps ensure the most accurate results. You may also be advised to avoid illness, excessive alcohol use, or certain medications beforehand. Your care team will provide specific instructions and answer any questions so you feel comfortable and prepared for the process.

  • A low sperm count, also called oligospermia, means there are fewer sperm in the semen than expected. This can make it more difficult for sperm to reach and fertilize an egg, but it does not mean pregnancy is impossible. Low sperm count can result from hormonal imbalances, medical conditions, lifestyle factors, or genetic issues. Further testing helps determine potential causes and appropriate treatment options.

  • In many cases, male infertility can be treated or managed depending on the underlying cause. Treatment options may include lifestyle changes, medication, hormone therapy, or assisted reproductive techniques. Fertility testing helps identify the factors contributing to infertility, so care can be tailored appropriately. Even when treatment is not possible, fertility specialists can often help couples explore alternative paths to parenthood.

  • Yes, male fertility can change with age. While men may remain fertile longer than women, sperm quality — including motility and DNA integrity — can decline over time. Advanced paternal age may also be associated with longer time to conception and certain reproductive risks. Fertility testing can help assess sperm health at any age and guide family-building decisions.

  • Abnormal sperm motility or morphology can be caused by a variety of factors, including hormonal imbalances, infections, varicoceles, genetic conditions, heat exposure, or lifestyle influences such as smoking or environmental toxins. In some cases, no clear cause is identified. A semen analysis combined with additional testing helps clarify why sperm movement or shape may be affected.

  • Certain medications, supplements, or anabolic steroids can impact sperm production or hormone levels. Prescription drugs, testosterone therapy, and some over-the-counter supplements may affect fertility, either temporarily or long-term. During a fertility evaluation, your physician will review medications and supplements to determine whether they may be contributing to fertility concerns.

  • Preparing for a semen analysis is simple and helps ensure accurate results. Patients are usually asked to abstain from ejaculation for two to five days before the test. You should also inform your care team about any medications, supplements, recent illnesses, or fevers, as these can affect sperm quality. Your physician may recommend avoiding excessive alcohol or heat exposure beforehand. Clear instructions will be provided in advance, and the process is designed to be private, straightforward, and stress-free.

  • No, male infertility is not always permanent. Some causes are temporary or treatable, while others may be long-term. Fertility testing helps distinguish between reversible and non-reversible factors and identify options moving forward. Even when sperm production is significantly affected, fertility specialists can often help couples explore assisted reproductive options or alternative family-building paths.

Comprehensive Male Fertility Testing in Atlanta, Georgia

Reproductive Biology Associates provides comprehensive male fertility testing for individuals and couples throughout Atlanta and North Georgia. With decades of experience and a collaborative approach to care, our fertility specialists work closely with patients to identify potential concerns and guide next steps with clarity and compassion. RBA offers convenient locations in Atlanta, Marietta, Cumming, and Canton, making expert fertility care accessible across the region. If you’re ready to take a proactive step toward understanding your reproductive health, we invite you to schedule a male fertility evaluation with our experienced team.

Request a Consult